Objective: Oral hygiene, which denotes the cleanliness of the mouth, is a part of the general body hygiene and fundamental to optimal oral health. The objective of the study was to examine the oral hygiene-related knowledge and attitude among Nigerian medical and pharmacy students. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 482 randomly selected medical and pharmacy students. The data collection tool was a self-administered questionnaire. Results: The majority of the participants never attended dental clinic (74.9%), reported good/excellent self-reported periodontal status (89.8%), and regard for mouth cleanliness as important (97.3%). The knowledge of mouth odor arising from tooth deposit (97.3%) was highest followed by that on bleeding gum (94.8%) and plaque knowledge (77.2%). Participants with inadequate oral hygiene knowledge reported higher mean desire to improve oral care (20.18 ± 0.10), whereas participants with adequate oral hygiene knowledge reported higher mean sociability (7.43 ± 0.05) and persistence (10.27 ± 0.19). Participants with positive oral hygiene attitude reported higher mean sociability (7.37 ± 0.05) and lower mean persistence (10.26 ± 0.13). Conclusion: The data from this study revealed low prevalence of adequate oral hygiene knowledge, higher positive oral hygiene attitude, good/excellent self-reported periodontal health, and high importance of mouth cleanliness among medical and pharmacy students. Oral hygiene knowledge was also significantly different among the medical and pharmacy students.

Introduction: Global warming is one of the serious issues that people face around the globe (WHO 2011). It is important for us that the earth is around for our kids for a long time to come. Hence, as a dentist, it is our responsibility to extend our contribution toward environmental protection using an eco-friendly approach in clinical practice. Aim of Study: This study aims to assess the knowledge, attitude, and awareness of green dentistry among graduate and postgraduate dental practitioners in Anna Nagar, Chennai, Tamil Nadu. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted using a self-administered close-ended questionnaire comprising of 15 questions among 250 dental practitioners to evaluate the awareness of green dentistry and procedures involved in implementing them. The questions were prepared to assess the knowledge, attitude, and implementation of green dentistry. Results: The overall knowledge regarding green dentistry was similar among the participants, but those with postgraduate degree reported a slightly higher percentage of awareness (73.6%) and preferred digital radiography (62.3%) than undergraduate practitioners. Conclusion: The current study suggests that the implementation of green dentistry practices among the graduate and postgraduate dental practitioners is not adequate.

Aim: The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of supplementation with omega-3 (ω-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (FAs) as host modulating agent, given at varying interval, in patients with chronic periodontitis.Materials and Methods: This study was carried out in the Department of Periodontology and Implantology of Mahatma Gandhi Vidyamandir's K.B.H. Dental College and Hospital, Nashik, Maharashtra, India. Forty-five patients with chronic periodontitis were selected. The patients were randomly allotted into one of the following groups: Group A (15 patients): Scaling and root planning (SRP) + ω-3 FAs for 1 month, Group B (15 patients): SRP + ω-3 FAs for 2 months, Group C (15 patients): SRP + ω-3 FAs for 3 months. Plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), probing pocket depth (PPD), and clinical attachment level (CAL) were assessed pre-SRP (baseline), 1 month, and 3 months, respectively, after the treatment. Results: In the present study, in the intra-group comparison; PI, GI, PPD, and CAL were significantly reduced in all three groups (P < 0.001). There was no statistically significant difference in PI, GI, PPD, and CAL in Group A, B, and C (P > 0.05) after 1 month, 2 months, and after 3 months, respectively. Conclusion:ω-3 FAs are equally effective as far as periodontal therapy is concerned when given for short duration of 1 month.

Introduction: Prevalence of TMJ disorder in general population is approximately 50% out of which 3-7% are reported to seek treatment. Various modalities are used to diagnosis TMJ like Panoramic Imaging, Computed Tomography, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cone Beam Computed Tomography. The Present study is to design and analyse TMJ changes in Edentulous and Dentulous using Digital Panoramic Imaging. Methodology: Retrospective study was carried out using 208 Panoramic Radiographs retrieved from Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology TMJ changes have assessed and Compared between the Dentulous and Edentulous patients. Results: Out of 208 patients,103 individual were Dentulous and 105 were edentulous (94-Partially, 11-Complete). So in Dentulous patients female were predominately affected by TMJ changes, whereas in edentulous patients males were affected by TMJ changes. In dentulous patients flattening was most common followed by resorption whereas in edentulous resorption was most common followed by osteophyte in tmj region. Conclusion: In our study in comparison of TMJ changes in edentulous and Dentulous patients showed flattening as most common changes in dentulous patients with female predominately and resorption as most common changes in edentulous patients with male predomiently.

Context: Dental caries, gingivitis, and periodontitis are very common oral health problems of Nepalese population, and the severity is more among underprivileged population groups. Aims: This study aimed at screening for oral hygiene status, oral mucosal condition, gingival condition, dental caries, tobacco use, and socioeconomic status of residents of Bhagwanpur Rural Municipality, Siraha, Nepal. Settings and Design: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among residents of Bhagwanpur Rural Municipality. Subjects and Methods: This study was conducted among randomly selected 285 people aged 5–85 years from 142 households of Bhagwanpur Rural Municipality, Siraha, Nepal. The Modified Kuppuswamy Scale was used for assessing socioeconomic status. Oral examination was performed using mouth mirror and the World Health Organization (WHO) probe as mentioned in the WHO Oral Health Survey Methods 1997. Oral hygiene status, oral mucosal conditions, gingival status, dentition status, and treatment needs were recorded. Tobacco prevalence was assessed through structured questionnaire. Statistical Analysis Used: Frequency distribution, mean, standard deviations, prevalence of dental caries, and tobacco use were calculated. Results: Majority (166, 58.2%) were male. The mean decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT) and decayed and filled teeth (dft) were found to be 2.00 ± 4 and 0.60 ± 1, respectively. The prevalence of dental caries in permanent and primary dentition was 41.5% and 37.6%, respectively. Oral health status was poor. All the participants had inflamed gingiva. The tobacco prevalence was 95 (33.33%). Majority of people (253, 88.8%) belonged to low-socioeconomic status. Conclusions: The study showed poor oral hygiene, low dft/DMFT, lower prevalence of dental caries, and high tobacco use prevalence, and a higher number of people belonged to low-socioeconomic status.

Background: Endodontically treated teeth have increased susceptibility to fracture. To promote the fracture resistance, reinforcing the endodontically treated teeth is of utmost importance. An ideal restoration or core is necessary to build up the coronal portion of the tooth to an ideal anatomic form before the full coverage placement. Aims: Compare the fracture resistance of Nayyar Cores of amalgam, Zirconomer, and Para Core with natural teeth . Methods: This study compared the fracture resistance of coronal-radicular restorations made from three different restorative materials. Sixty human mandibular molars were selected, 45 of which were decoronated and root treated – 15 of these molars restored with amalgam, 15 with Zirconomer, and 15 using Para Core. The 15 natural teeth used as a control group. All the teeth were mounted in acrylic and subjected to compressive loading to failure on a universal testing machine. The force required to fracture each core specimen was recorded. Results: The data of the study were statistically analyzed by ANOVA test and Tukey post hoc test. The results of the study showed that natural teeth as having the highest fracture resistance values, followed by Para Core, amalgam, and Zirconomer. The differences among all groups were significant. Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study, natural teeth showed higher fracture resistance to that of the Para Core, amalgam, and Zirconomer. Among the 3 Nayyar cores, Para Core has higher fracture resistance.

Metal–ceramic restorations are used for fixed restorations very commonly, and sometimes, failure of these may need a removal and making a new restoration. It may destroy the abutment. Three categories of repair techniques are available for fractured metal–ceramic restorations, of which the treatment is chosen depending on the clinical acceptability. If the defects are small, these can be repaired intraorally with a ceramic repair kit without remaking the restoration. This article presents one such case report.

Peripheral ossifying fibroma (POF) presents as a tumor-like growth of the soft tissue and is often associated with sharp teeth, rough restoration, and ill-fitting denture. POF is fibro-osseous in origin and is commonly found in the maxillary region. It is a slow-growing benign tumor and usually asymptomatic. However, it may induce facial asymmetry. A 29-year-old male patient who reported to the Department of Periodontology with the chief complaint of slow-growing painless mass over the anterior palatal region underwent surgical excision of the mass using electrocautery. Fifteen days follow-up showed uneventful and satisfactory healing of the excised region.

Adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ASCs) are reported to be capable of differentiating into all of mature cells, including bones and cartilage as same as bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. In this study, we examined to treat periodontal disease using autologous ASCs to avoid rejection by transplantation. After autologous ASCs were injected into the gingiva, X-ray examination, periodontal pocket examination, and bleeding on probing were good results, and we obtained regeneration of periodontal tissue. Autologous ASCs are also easy to collect. Compared with other periodontal regeneration treatments, the burden on patients with less risk of postoperative infection is also less. In future, we hope to consider combined use with growth factors to aim at the alveolar bone and periodontal tissues regeneration. Moreover, we hope to conduct further investigations with a large number of cases over a long period of time.

Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease of multifactorial origin that represents the destruction of periodontium due to the upregulation of immune response and in the presence of disease-causing pathogens, resulting in loss of attachment and bone loss. Advances in periodontal disease control cracked wide open various therapies that will successfully arrest periodontal infections. One such new technique is bone one session treatment (BOST) for the treatment of periodontal disease without an invasive procedure. BOST is an aerobic treatment that eliminates the periodontal disease in the deepest pockets and supporting alveolar bone. This technique predicts the same phenomenon in periodontal diseases healing and repair, works by influencing the disease etiological factors and aiding healing by three immune phases. This plays a role in altering the pathogenesis and disease progression by changing the defensive phase against bacteria and other microorganisms into a regeneration phase to achieve a new attachment. We conclude that a noninvasive technique (BOST) can alter the pathogenesis by removing the etiological factors as well as guide the tissue for regeneration and new attachment.

According to American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry (AAPD), special health-care needs (SHCN) is “any physical, developmental, mental, sensory, behavioral, cognitive, or emotional impairment or limiting condition that requires medical management, health-care intervention, and/or use of specialized services or programs.” Oral health is an inseparable part of general health. Throughout the lifetime, individuals with SHCN may be at a greater risk for oral diseases. The aim of this article is to discuss the dental management of children with cerebral palsy (CP) in detail. Children with SHCN have a considerably higher prevalence of oral diseases as compared to otherwise healthy children. The role of the pediatric dentist is to improve oral health wellness and to encourage parents and caregivers for good home oral health practice. This article will help the dentist to understand all the aspects related to the dental management of patients with CP and apply it in clinical practice.